Concept map - Wiki: Concept maps have their origin in the learning movement called constructivism. In particular, constructivists hold that prior knowledge is used as a framework for understanding and learning new knowledge.
Concept mapping can be contrasted with the similar idea of idea mapping.
The latter is often restricted to radial hierarchies and tree structures. Among the various schema and techniques for visualizing ideas, processes, organisations, concept mapping, as developed by Novak is unique in philosophical basis, which "makes concepts, and propositions composed of concepts, the central elements in the structure of knowledge and construction of meaning."
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FrameNet, an application of Frame semantics.
WIKI: FrameNet is a project housed at the International Computer Science Institute in Berkeley, California which produces an electronic resource based on semantic frames. A semantic frame can be thought of as a concept with a script. It is used to describe an object, state or event. The FrameNet lexical database contains around 10000 lexical units (a pairing of a word with a meaning; polysemous words are represented by several lexical units), 800 semantic frames and over 120,000 example sentences.
The basic idea is that one cannot understand the meaning of a single word without access to all the essential knowledge that relates to that word. For example, one would not be able to understand the word "sell" without knowing anything about the situation of commercial transfer, which also involves, among other things, a seller, a buyer, goods, money, the relation between the money and the goods, the relations between the seller and the goods and the money, the relation between the buyer and the goods and the money and so on.
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